1899 CE · movement protest
Birsa Munda's Ulgulan
From the late 1890s, Birsa Munda mobilised Munda communities in the Chotanagpur region against colonial authority, land alienation and exploitative intermediary systems. The Ulgulan, or 'Great Tumult', reached its most intense phase in 1899–1900 and combined political resistance with Birsa's religious and social movement.
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